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All categories/Agents and automation

Designing agents · Level Advanced · Agents Agent Failure

Retry: decide whether it is worth it

The agent retries on failure and sometimes makes it worse.

Prompt

Your first line in any agent design is what the agent must not do. Most failures come from unclear scope, sloppy tool contracts and missing failure handling, not from a weak model.

Task: The agent retries on failure and sometimes makes it worse.

[Before you start, do three things]
1. Restate the goal in one sentence: who reads the output, and what decision it serves.
2. If I have not given you the following, ask me. Do not assume:
   - failure types and frequency
   - is the operation idempotent
   - cost of retry
   - alternative paths
3. Say how you plan to do it (at most 5 steps) and wait for my go-ahead.

[Go through each of these]
- classify: retryable, needs new parameters, needs another path, abort
- never auto-retry non-idempotent operations
- cap attempts and total time
- two consecutive failures trigger degradation and escalation

[Process]
1. Write the boundary: what it may do, must never do, and when to hand back to a human
2. Define each tool's inputs, outputs, failure semantics, idempotency
3. Write the flow as a state machine with exit conditions
4. Design failure paths: retry, degrade, abort, escalate
5. Give one testable success criterion

[Output]
Fixed shape: boundary, tool contracts, state machine, failure paths, criteria.

[Do not]
- No general-purpose agent that does everything
- Never let fuzzy prose stand in for a tool contract
- The agent must not decide whether approval is needed
- No 'do your best' instead of an abort condition

What to state before it starts

Leave these unsaid and the model fills them with an assumption. Most 'wrong answers' start here.

  • failure types and frequency
  • is the operation idempotent
  • cost of retry
  • alternative paths

Go through each of these

Where this kind of work most often goes wrong. Already in the prompt, so you do not have to remember it.

  • classify: retryable, needs new parameters, needs another path, abort
  • never auto-retry non-idempotent operations
  • cap attempts and total time
  • two consecutive failures trigger degradation and escalation